Experimental Study and DEM Simulation of Size Effects on the Dry Density of Rockfill Material

The initial dry density has a significant effect on the mechanical behavior of rockfill material (RFM). size effects minimum/maximum (referred to as density, ρ d ) RFM still need further study. To investigate relationship between and M , series surface vibration compaction tests DEM simulations are performed samples with different maximum particle sizes . Both physical numerical results exhibit that increases fast when ranges from 10 40 mm. When exceeds mm, slowly tends be constant. Results indicate is affected by gradation. consider gradation effect, normalized parameter λ introduced, relation can characterized an empirical equation.